ABSTRACT
@#Preterm birth is not only health problem but also one of major socioeconomic issues. Preterm Low Birth Weight (PLBW) is leading causative factor of neonatal mortality. Some researches results showed that during periodontal inflammatory disorder some bacterial components could affect pregnancy and fetal development. Therefore aim of our study is to assess and confirm periodontal disease of pregnant females whether or not risk factor of PLBW. We performed our study on the First Maternity Hospital and National Centre for Maternal and Child Health of Mongolia by clinical based case control method on 90 participants. Case group has 30 females (<37 weeks of gestation, and Neonates Birth Weight <2500), control group has 60 females (Normal birth) (ratio was 1:2). Dental caries prevalence on control group was 99%, the mean of DFM/t was 8.32 “average”, prevalence of case group was 100%, and mean of DFM/t was 11.33, which was also “average”. Oral hygiene examination assessment was poor. Study results showed that patients with periodontal disease such as dental calculus (***p<0.008) and periodontal pocket with depth of 4-6mm (***p<0.006) were risk factors for PLBW. Gingivitis is increased to have PLBW baby by 5.5 times. CPITN index was highly associated with dental hygiene index and it was statistically significant. (***p<0.000). Within the limits of this study poor periodontal health status of mothers may be a potential risk factor for a preterm low birth weight.
ABSTRACT
Introducción. El bajo peso al nacer (BPN) es un importante indicador de salud fetal, neonatal y de las condiciones de la gestación. Objetivo: identificar factores asociados al BPN en el Hospital Carlos Showing Ferrari de Huánuco, Perú. Material y método. Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo de corte transversal. Se realizó en el servicio de Ginecoobstetricia del Hospital Carlos Showing Ferrari de Huánuco. Participantes. Madre e hijos atendidos en el servicio de Gineco-obstetricia. Intervenciones. Según los criterios de inclusión y exclusión se obtuvo, 801 madreshijos registrados en el Sistema Informático Perinatal (SIP) del 2011. Se utilizó un instrumento de recolección validado, se obtuvo información del SIP e historias clínicas, durante 6 meses. Se realizó el análisis descriptivo; para el análisis inferencial se usó la prueba ji cuadrado con una significancia del 95 %. Se empleó el paquete estadístico SPSS y Microsoft Excel. Resultados. De los 801 nacidos, el peso promedio fue 3 217,8 (+ 446,1) gramos y una prevalencia de BPN de 6,2 %. Los factores asociados que resultaron estadísticamente significativos fueron: la primiparidad con p = 0,013(IC-95%: 1,16-3,81); número de controles prenatales (menor de cuatro) con p < 0,05 (IC95%: 2,63-8,74) y parto pretérmino con p < 0,05 (IC95%: 0,01-0,25). Conclusión. La prevalencia del bajo peso al nacer en el Hospital Carlos Showing Ferrari de Huánuco fue 6,2 %. La primiparidad, el inadecuado control prenatal y el parto pretérmino fueron los factores asociados.
Introduction. Low birth weight (LBW) is an important indicator of fetal, neonatal health and the conditions of pregnancy. Objective. To identify the associated factors of low birth weight, in Carlos Showing Ferrari Hospital in Huanuco. Materials and methods. Retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional study. It was performed in the Gynecology- Obstetrics service of Carlos Showing Ferrari Hospital, Huanuco. Participants. Mothers and children treated in the Gynecology-Obstetrics Service. Interventions: According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, it obtained 801 mothers-children, registered in the Perinatal Information System (SIP) of 2011. One validated instrument was used for collection, the SIP information and medical history were obtained for six months. Descriptive analysis was conducted, for the inferential analysis chi-square test was used with a significance of 95 %. SPSS and Microsoft Excel were used. Results. Of 801 births, the average weight was 3 217,8 (+ 446,1) grams and a prevalence of LBW 6,2 %. Associated factors that were statistically significant were: primiparity with p = 0,013 (CI95%: 1,16-3,81), number of prenatal visits (< 4) with p < 0,05 (CI95%: 2,63-8,74) and preterm birth with p < 0,05 (CI95%: 0,01-0,25). Conclusion. The prevalence of low birth weight in Carlos Showing Ferrari Hospital, Huanuco was 6,2 %. First childbirth, inadequate antenatal control and preterm birth were main correlated factors for low birth weight in our study.